Discipline and Punishment
Discipline and punishment: Suggestions for workhops: Using the students for the gauntlet and their teacher as the punished person is a nice touch. You should also demonstrate the discipline tools and explain how they were used. The emphasis should be on how strict the discipline was during this period. If we have the 'horse' ready in time, you may consider using it carefully with a Grade 7.
Equipment: Signs (with crimes on them the soldier was being disciplined for - soldier would wear it for humilation reasons. Can have the Grade 7's wear them), other tools (we will see).
Discipline and punishment: notes
American
-at the start of the War of 1812 the American government abolished flogging (whipping) as a punishment, pre-1812 they had allowed up to 75 lashes
-US commanders used imaginative punishments to cause pain, discomfort and embarassment
-General Hampton had a private punished for minor offences by having him, “ride a wooden horse one hour every Sunday for 2 months, with a hangman's cap on, a 4 pound shot tied to each foot and a label placed upon him designating his crime.”
-generally soldiers would end up in the guardhouse for a time, lose pay and have a ball and chain attached to one leg while imprisoned
-non-commissioned officers would be stripped of their rank in front of the entire regiment on parade
-another punishment was running the gauntlet, but there was no running involved as the troops not on guard were put into 2 lines facing each other at 6 feet apart and
the prisoner was brought out to the beat of the “Rogue's March” and made to walk down the space between the two lines while the other soldiers whipped his bare
back with birch twigs (which drew blood with each blow), an officer preceded the victim with his sword pointed at his chest while a file of soldiers with bayonets followed him so the victim walked through the gauntlet slowly; it did not use the forbidden whip but it had the same results
-soldiers were also beaten with wooden canes
-US also used branding with a red-hot poker
-picketing was used for punishment where a bare-footed man had to stqand on a sharpened stake
-US army lost about 10% due to desertion (5,000-5,700 men) and were more inclined to execute deserters than British (who flogged them up to 1,000 lashes) and more so as war went on (3 in 1812 versus 146 shot or hanged in 1814)
-deserters would typically not be executed but sentenced to hard labour for rest of enlistment, pay for his capture, hard labour for 5 years with a 8 foot chain with a 24 pound cannon ball attached to the offender's leg
The melody of the following MP3 arrangement was a well known tune used by the American army during the Revolution. The tune was known as "The Rogue's March" and was played when military and/or civil rogues, criminals, offenders and various undesirable characters were drummed from camps and cantonments. Sometimes the rogue(s) would be marched about with a halter around their necks, and usually with the final disgrace of a farewell ritual kick in the butt from the youngest drummer.
Some historians say that the actual ceremony was quite impressive. It apparently consisted of the largest number of drummers and fifers possible to muster. The prisoner or offender would be paraded in front of the loud band while the Rogue's March was played all the while, and marched all the way to the entrance of the camp. The rogue(s) coat would be worn inside out as a sign of disgrace, and his hands were bound behind him as he was marched to the entrance and evicted with instructions never to return to the area again. And to make matters public, the sentence would then be published in a local newspaper for all to read and talk about. The history of the tune is a bit vague but it appears in common use for the above purpose in late 18th century, although it is very likely that the tune, with its association, had been in use in various forms long before that time.
British and Canadian
-minor punishments included extra drill, confinement to barracks, and loss of liquor ration
-more serious offences were usually flogged as many in the army regarded flogging as necessary to keep the hard core element in check, that included some of the flogged men
-Private William Lawrence received 400 lashes for absenting himself from guard duty
-cat of nine tails used to flog (nine whips), regimental courts could only order up to 999 lashes, more lashes could only be assigned by a higher court (general court martial up to 1,200 lashes)
-floggings were carried out in front of the other soldiers, the regiment Note: IMUC soldiers not subject to floggings like their British counterparts
-could also assign soldier to a penal unit, regiment serving in terrible conditions (might be offered rather than death penalty)
-death penalty only assigned by general court martial and for murder, desertion, or mutiny
-during War of 1812 1,570 enlisted men deserted compared to 2,733 killed by combat or disease
-usually the sargeants who brought up charges
"Crime and Punishment in Garrison.
Crime, in the eyes of the Army, could usually with great veracity, be blamed upon the problem of boredom. This monotony was all too often relieved by excessive drinking, a feature of Georgian life in general. The service drew a very fine line between drinking and drunkenness, and many, either too drunk or too board, could not always discern the difference. ,... for Brock remarked in 1812 about the 49th Regiment of Foot, that though they had been in Canada since 1802 and drinking rum without bounds, they were still desirous of serving well. However, under inept officers who considered tyranny and discipline to be equal, men and even the whole units could be placed under great stress.
Crime could take many forms. Civilian crimes perpetrated against citizens were dealt with by the civil authorities. Drunkenness on duty, incompetence through neglect and willful and unwarranted insubordination were rightfully considered heinous offences. Desertion happened to higher degrees near the American border, but interestingly enough, appears statistically to have dropped off significantly when prospects of more active service improved. There was a rather serious mutiny and desertion plot in the
Niagara area in the early 1800s which was nipped in the bud by prompt action. Usually, upon examination, it appeared that most crime could be avoided by attempting to assuage the all to present boredom.
The period sources tend to support the idea of a roughly universal scale of punishment for crime, but,... a great deal of latitude was practiced,... Memoirists are constant in recording acts of mercy in the cases of first offenders, or special circumstance.,... Often punishment consisted of grog or privilege stoppage, fines or the futile carrying of weights from place to place. An inebriate was often confined until sober, but the famous pillory was never used on military personnel. Extra drill could be arranged, as
could the wearing of inside-out clothing for a period of time. Legally, recaptured deserters could be executed, but were usually transported, often to Australia, as felons. In severe cases, incorrigibles would be literally drummed out on the Army, to the accompaniment of the tune "The Rogue's March", and kicked through the gates by the youngest drummer in the Regiment.,...
To solve the desertion problem in Canada that existed before the War of 1812, the British applied several concepts. The owning of civilian clothes (or "coloured clothes" as they were named) was illegal for a soldier, for obvious reasons. After the near mutiny in Upper Canada, it was decreed that men could hunt and fish when off duty. The British began the policy of skimming older, experienced men off into units comprised entirely of more middle-aged, long serving men. At least one served in Canada, known as the 10th Royal Veterans Battalion.,...
In the Early Nineteenth Century, the British Army was retaining the system of flogging. In fact, this continued until well into the Victorian era. Although the number of
lashes could very tremendously within the realm of actual practice, it was generally accepted that less severe offenses required less. Strangely, most men agreed with a judicial use of the cat-of-nine-tails, while many officers, notably Wellington, felt that it made a good man bad, and a bad man worse. Thus, it's use depended greatly upon the Commanding Officer's view of the nature of a particular crime.
The flogging operation was quite formal. The prisoner was stripped to his waist, and tied to a triangle-like support. The men of the Regiment were assembled; punishment
parades being mandatory. Behind the recipient stood the youngest drummer; who administered the flogging. The cat, itself, as opposed to the woven rope Navy cat, was a wooden handle holding nine long leather thongs. Behind the drummer stood an N.C.O., often the Drum Major of the unit, who was to strike the drummer if he were too lenient. The Adjutant of the unit completed this team; as his responsibility was to strike the N.C.O. in turn, if he were to easy-going. Under such a system, efficient lashing was guaranteed. A surgeon was in attendance, and was legally entitled to stop the affair before full punishment was given, if, in his opinion the man's life was in danger. After 10 to 15 strokes, the skin was broken, and thus very large sentences would be delivered in installments. According to the memoirs available, some men, especially young officers often vomitted at the spectacle. Punishment parades were always silent, almost shocked in appearance. Incredibly, some men became very proud of the
enormous number of floggings they had endured in the course of their service. Therefore, as the men were subject to being "sent to the halberds", as a flogging sentence was termed, it is small wonder that British troops were often labelled with the cognomen of "bloody backs.""
The Rogue’s March
Tuppence I got for selling me cloak,
Tuppence for selling me blanket.
If ever I ‘list for a soldier again,
Devil shall be me sergeant.
Poor old soldier, poor old soldier,
If ever I ‘list for a soldier again,
Devil shall be me sergeant.
Poor Old Soldier - The Rogue's March
I left my home and I left my job
Went and joined the army
If I knew then what I know now
I wouldn't have been so barmy.
Poor old soldier, poor old soldier
If I knew then what I know now
I wouldn't have been so barmy.
Gave me a gun and a big red coat
Gave me lots of drilling
If I knew then what I know nowI wouldn't have took the shilling.
Chorus:
Sent me off on a real old boat
By Christ she was no beauty
Far far across the sea we went
Afore to do my duty
Chorus:
Fought the Russians, or was it the French
Really couldn't tell, sir
All I know is they fought so hard
They sent us all to hell, sir.
Chorus:
When we got back home again
To desert was my intent, sir
I sold my cot and I sold my coat
And over the wall I went, sir.
Chorus:
Went to a tavern and I got drunk
That is where they found me
Back to barracks in chains I was sent
And there they did impound me.
Chorus:
Fifty I got for selling me coat
Fifty for me blankets
If ever I 'list for a soldier again
The devil shall be me sergeant.
Chorus:
Equipment: Signs (with crimes on them the soldier was being disciplined for - soldier would wear it for humilation reasons. Can have the Grade 7's wear them), other tools (we will see).
Discipline and punishment: notes
American
-at the start of the War of 1812 the American government abolished flogging (whipping) as a punishment, pre-1812 they had allowed up to 75 lashes
-US commanders used imaginative punishments to cause pain, discomfort and embarassment
-General Hampton had a private punished for minor offences by having him, “ride a wooden horse one hour every Sunday for 2 months, with a hangman's cap on, a 4 pound shot tied to each foot and a label placed upon him designating his crime.”
-generally soldiers would end up in the guardhouse for a time, lose pay and have a ball and chain attached to one leg while imprisoned
-non-commissioned officers would be stripped of their rank in front of the entire regiment on parade
-another punishment was running the gauntlet, but there was no running involved as the troops not on guard were put into 2 lines facing each other at 6 feet apart and
the prisoner was brought out to the beat of the “Rogue's March” and made to walk down the space between the two lines while the other soldiers whipped his bare
back with birch twigs (which drew blood with each blow), an officer preceded the victim with his sword pointed at his chest while a file of soldiers with bayonets followed him so the victim walked through the gauntlet slowly; it did not use the forbidden whip but it had the same results
-soldiers were also beaten with wooden canes
-US also used branding with a red-hot poker
-picketing was used for punishment where a bare-footed man had to stqand on a sharpened stake
-US army lost about 10% due to desertion (5,000-5,700 men) and were more inclined to execute deserters than British (who flogged them up to 1,000 lashes) and more so as war went on (3 in 1812 versus 146 shot or hanged in 1814)
-deserters would typically not be executed but sentenced to hard labour for rest of enlistment, pay for his capture, hard labour for 5 years with a 8 foot chain with a 24 pound cannon ball attached to the offender's leg
The melody of the following MP3 arrangement was a well known tune used by the American army during the Revolution. The tune was known as "The Rogue's March" and was played when military and/or civil rogues, criminals, offenders and various undesirable characters were drummed from camps and cantonments. Sometimes the rogue(s) would be marched about with a halter around their necks, and usually with the final disgrace of a farewell ritual kick in the butt from the youngest drummer.
Some historians say that the actual ceremony was quite impressive. It apparently consisted of the largest number of drummers and fifers possible to muster. The prisoner or offender would be paraded in front of the loud band while the Rogue's March was played all the while, and marched all the way to the entrance of the camp. The rogue(s) coat would be worn inside out as a sign of disgrace, and his hands were bound behind him as he was marched to the entrance and evicted with instructions never to return to the area again. And to make matters public, the sentence would then be published in a local newspaper for all to read and talk about. The history of the tune is a bit vague but it appears in common use for the above purpose in late 18th century, although it is very likely that the tune, with its association, had been in use in various forms long before that time.
British and Canadian
-minor punishments included extra drill, confinement to barracks, and loss of liquor ration
-more serious offences were usually flogged as many in the army regarded flogging as necessary to keep the hard core element in check, that included some of the flogged men
-Private William Lawrence received 400 lashes for absenting himself from guard duty
-cat of nine tails used to flog (nine whips), regimental courts could only order up to 999 lashes, more lashes could only be assigned by a higher court (general court martial up to 1,200 lashes)
-floggings were carried out in front of the other soldiers, the regiment Note: IMUC soldiers not subject to floggings like their British counterparts
-could also assign soldier to a penal unit, regiment serving in terrible conditions (might be offered rather than death penalty)
-death penalty only assigned by general court martial and for murder, desertion, or mutiny
-during War of 1812 1,570 enlisted men deserted compared to 2,733 killed by combat or disease
-usually the sargeants who brought up charges
"Crime and Punishment in Garrison.
Crime, in the eyes of the Army, could usually with great veracity, be blamed upon the problem of boredom. This monotony was all too often relieved by excessive drinking, a feature of Georgian life in general. The service drew a very fine line between drinking and drunkenness, and many, either too drunk or too board, could not always discern the difference. ,... for Brock remarked in 1812 about the 49th Regiment of Foot, that though they had been in Canada since 1802 and drinking rum without bounds, they were still desirous of serving well. However, under inept officers who considered tyranny and discipline to be equal, men and even the whole units could be placed under great stress.
Crime could take many forms. Civilian crimes perpetrated against citizens were dealt with by the civil authorities. Drunkenness on duty, incompetence through neglect and willful and unwarranted insubordination were rightfully considered heinous offences. Desertion happened to higher degrees near the American border, but interestingly enough, appears statistically to have dropped off significantly when prospects of more active service improved. There was a rather serious mutiny and desertion plot in the
Niagara area in the early 1800s which was nipped in the bud by prompt action. Usually, upon examination, it appeared that most crime could be avoided by attempting to assuage the all to present boredom.
The period sources tend to support the idea of a roughly universal scale of punishment for crime, but,... a great deal of latitude was practiced,... Memoirists are constant in recording acts of mercy in the cases of first offenders, or special circumstance.,... Often punishment consisted of grog or privilege stoppage, fines or the futile carrying of weights from place to place. An inebriate was often confined until sober, but the famous pillory was never used on military personnel. Extra drill could be arranged, as
could the wearing of inside-out clothing for a period of time. Legally, recaptured deserters could be executed, but were usually transported, often to Australia, as felons. In severe cases, incorrigibles would be literally drummed out on the Army, to the accompaniment of the tune "The Rogue's March", and kicked through the gates by the youngest drummer in the Regiment.,...
To solve the desertion problem in Canada that existed before the War of 1812, the British applied several concepts. The owning of civilian clothes (or "coloured clothes" as they were named) was illegal for a soldier, for obvious reasons. After the near mutiny in Upper Canada, it was decreed that men could hunt and fish when off duty. The British began the policy of skimming older, experienced men off into units comprised entirely of more middle-aged, long serving men. At least one served in Canada, known as the 10th Royal Veterans Battalion.,...
In the Early Nineteenth Century, the British Army was retaining the system of flogging. In fact, this continued until well into the Victorian era. Although the number of
lashes could very tremendously within the realm of actual practice, it was generally accepted that less severe offenses required less. Strangely, most men agreed with a judicial use of the cat-of-nine-tails, while many officers, notably Wellington, felt that it made a good man bad, and a bad man worse. Thus, it's use depended greatly upon the Commanding Officer's view of the nature of a particular crime.
The flogging operation was quite formal. The prisoner was stripped to his waist, and tied to a triangle-like support. The men of the Regiment were assembled; punishment
parades being mandatory. Behind the recipient stood the youngest drummer; who administered the flogging. The cat, itself, as opposed to the woven rope Navy cat, was a wooden handle holding nine long leather thongs. Behind the drummer stood an N.C.O., often the Drum Major of the unit, who was to strike the drummer if he were too lenient. The Adjutant of the unit completed this team; as his responsibility was to strike the N.C.O. in turn, if he were to easy-going. Under such a system, efficient lashing was guaranteed. A surgeon was in attendance, and was legally entitled to stop the affair before full punishment was given, if, in his opinion the man's life was in danger. After 10 to 15 strokes, the skin was broken, and thus very large sentences would be delivered in installments. According to the memoirs available, some men, especially young officers often vomitted at the spectacle. Punishment parades were always silent, almost shocked in appearance. Incredibly, some men became very proud of the
enormous number of floggings they had endured in the course of their service. Therefore, as the men were subject to being "sent to the halberds", as a flogging sentence was termed, it is small wonder that British troops were often labelled with the cognomen of "bloody backs.""
The Rogue’s March
Tuppence I got for selling me cloak,
Tuppence for selling me blanket.
If ever I ‘list for a soldier again,
Devil shall be me sergeant.
Poor old soldier, poor old soldier,
If ever I ‘list for a soldier again,
Devil shall be me sergeant.
Poor Old Soldier - The Rogue's March
I left my home and I left my job
Went and joined the army
If I knew then what I know now
I wouldn't have been so barmy.
Poor old soldier, poor old soldier
If I knew then what I know now
I wouldn't have been so barmy.
Gave me a gun and a big red coat
Gave me lots of drilling
If I knew then what I know nowI wouldn't have took the shilling.
Chorus:
Sent me off on a real old boat
By Christ she was no beauty
Far far across the sea we went
Afore to do my duty
Chorus:
Fought the Russians, or was it the French
Really couldn't tell, sir
All I know is they fought so hard
They sent us all to hell, sir.
Chorus:
When we got back home again
To desert was my intent, sir
I sold my cot and I sold my coat
And over the wall I went, sir.
Chorus:
Went to a tavern and I got drunk
That is where they found me
Back to barracks in chains I was sent
And there they did impound me.
Chorus:
Fifty I got for selling me coat
Fifty for me blankets
If ever I 'list for a soldier again
The devil shall be me sergeant.
Chorus: